In the cloud storage environment, data owners can store and share data through cloud servers, but the following security issues may exist. First, data owners need to guarantee the authentication of their data. Secondly, the data may contain the data owner’s sensitive information, such as name, age, and other information. Therefore, data owners may reveal their sensitive information when sharing data with other users. To solve the above problems, this study proposes a certificateless sanitizable signature scheme to ensure the authentication of shared data and the sensitive information hiding in cloud storage environments. Specifically, the proposed scheme is based on certificateless cryptography, which avoids the high certificate management overhead in traditional public key infrastructure and eliminates the key escrow defect in identity-based cryptography. In addition, the scheme adds access control, so that the data stored in the cloud server can only be accessed by authorized users. Finally, the security analysis shows the security of the scheme and the performance analysis reflects the efficiency of the scheme.