In order to solve the problem of inaccurate target location caused by camera jitter and rotation, a novel fast anti-rotation matching algorithm is proposed, which uses the convolution operation mode formed by the operation to reduce the matching time exponentially. A large number of experimental results show that using this algorithm, the target automatic calibration of digital camera visibility instrument is accurate, the average time of single calibration is 24.2 ms, which is at least 200 times faster than the original algorithm in the same situation, and the observation accuracy is more than 7 times higher than the ordinary algorithm, nearly 5 times higher than the manual positioning observation. The measurement results of the digital camera visibility meter based on the algorithm meet the requirements of the World Meteorological Organization for the development of visibility meter, and the price is lower, so it has a broad application prospect.