Since the device drivers of Linux work in the kernel mode, in this specific work scenario, the vulnerability caused by the device drivers can easily affect the stability and security of the operating system. At present, the most proportion of various types of device drivers' vulnerabilities is resource operation vulnerability. In this case, a vulnerability device detection method of device drivers based on pair functions' calling context is proposed. Firstly, we introduced the concept of pair function, according to which the automatic extraction and optimization of the pair function were performed for the specific drivers. Then the execution path of the pair function in the resource request and release process was recorded based on manual analysis results. Finally, the pair function was combined with the corresponding calling context scenario to verify whether the application and release of memory resources in the device driver matched in the hierarchy exactly. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, vulnerability detection method was applied to different drivers in the experiment, and the corresponding false negative, false positive, and coverage were recorded. The experimental results show that the device drivers' vulnerability detection method has higher accuracy and faster detection speed, and the method does not depend on conditions such as real-time compilation and hardware devices.