The extraction of mineral particles from rock slice images is the basis for grain size analysis and mineral components recognition. In order to further improve the accuracy of mineral particles extraction, a new method of mineral particles segmentation is proposed. This method is based on the crossed polarization image sequences which are in the same view and different angles. After merging the sequence images, entropy rate superpixels algorithm is used to extract the target of mineral particles. In order to reduce the over segmentation of mineral particles, this study uses the fast region merging algorithm to merge regions with similarities. Finally, filtering over segmented regions and merging target particles again according to the change rules of mineral particles under crossed polarization to realize automatic segmentation of mineral particles. The proposed method can be used to extract mineral particles from rock slice images and achieve good results.