Aimed at virtual machine disaster backup and recovery problem faced by OpenStack, the authors design and carry out a virtual machine backup system based on Ceph storage snapshot. During backup process, generate a snapshot of the virtual machine disk stored in Ceph, and according to the backup requirement, calculate disk valid data or modified data, save the config information of the virtual machine and disk data. During recovery process, automatically create the same configured virtual machine, and restore the data of current snapshot point to the corresponding disk. The experimental results show that proposed system can effectively save backup time and storage space compared with OpenStack's snapshot backup method, and implement the functions of incremental backup and multi-disk backup that the latter does not have.