By the extension of network life cycle and the balance of network energy consumption, in order to improve the energy utilization rate of wireless sensor networks, we proposes a routing algorithm for network encoding of cluster head nodes in the dynamic clustering algorithm in wireless sensor network. In the stage of establishing a cluster, the residual energy of nodes and the received signal strength are used to complete clustering, solving the problem of premature failure of some nodes due to excessive energy consumption. In the stage of the data acquisition, the method of random linear network encoding based on cluster head effectively reduces the number of packets transmitted to the gateway node, and the cost of network energy. Simulation results show that compared with the standard protocol AODV, the proposed algorithm can effectively balance the node energy consumption, improve the energy efficiency, and improve the network throughput and end-to-end delay.