The detection and recognition method of GPR targets hyperbola presented in this paper has two steps. First, the GPR image edge was detected, then template matching algorithm is used to identify out the pixels of hyperbola; Second, according to the hyperbola feature of GPR B-scan data, a modified Hough transform is used to detect the hyperbola from the data that being matched before, aims to get rid of the false target's hyperbola and recognize the parameters accurately. The method had been employed to find and fit targets hyperbola from GPR data. The results evaluated from real data show that all parameters of targets hyperbola are fitted fast and correctly.