High-performance real-time system has higher requirement for system performance, certainty and fault tolerance. Non-blocking synchronization meets the requirement in task synchronization, one of the methods of achieving non-blocking synchronization is to design lock-free data structure. This paper introduces the key technology for designing lock-free data structure algorithm, presents an improved lock-free double-ended queue algorithm by the analysis of the existing algorithm shortage, and introduces the experimental analysis and practical application of the algorithm. Experimental results show that the algorithm improves the execution speed for accessing double-ended queue, and avoids deadlocks, priority inversion and low fault tolerance caused by multitask synchronization.