Full-color 3D printing can quickly reproduce color prototypes, which has begun to be widely used in many fields such as medical treatment, industry, and food. These fields have increasingly higher requirements for the color reproduction accuracy of 3D printed products, and how to improve the color reproduction quality of full-color 3D printed products has become one of the research hotspots. This paper comprehensively discusses the color reproduction methods of full-color 3D printing. After the classification of full-color 3D printing methods, it focuses on the analysis of the core technologies of color conversion and printout models for color reproduction of full-color 3D printing and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of those methods. On this basis, it predicts the trend of full-color 3D printing.