Big data industry has risen to the national strategy. The establishment of big data laboratory and experimental curriculum system is necessary for training big data technical personnel. This paper combs the knowledge system of big data, analyzes the training objectives and career orientation of the major of “data science and big data technology” and the major of “big data technology and application”, and clarifies the key knowledge that big data students should master and the professional skills that need to be cultivated, introduces the mainstream big data ecosystem, selects the most general big data architecture, proposes different plans to build big data laboratory in single machine environment, single machine virtualization environment, shared big data cluster environment and cloud computing environment, and designs the big data experiment curriculum system and experiment projects.