Combining with the characteristics of current colorimetric sensor array such as diversity, instability, etc., and aiming at the current situation of the existing array image segmentation algorithm, such as low efficiency or susceptible to illumination environment, etc., this study proposes an image segmentation algorithm based on the fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm. Firstly, this algorithm achieves the grid division of image by the projection of I component in row and column under the HSI color space, and solves the problem of the initialization of clustering condition of FCM algorithm by combining with the smooth histogram information of local array point images. Secondly, in order to improve the accuracy of the result of segmentation of image points, the algorithm introduces the H component and I component of different weight coefficients through the objective function to realize the introduction of color information. Through the test of the effect of image segmentation, the image segmentation algorithm proposed in this study shows the overall optimal segmentation precision of 96.54% in all the image segmentation of the array points, and can effectively and accurately realize the target extraction of the colorimetric sensor array image.