The identification of geological specimens is a basic skill that must be possessed by students of geoscience. However, due to the great variety, different attributes and scarcity of geological specimens, it is very difficult for students to study in full. In this paper, from the perspective of software engineering, the characteristics of geological specimens are presented as the starting point to determine the basic functional requirements of the platform. The paper designs the system architecture and function modules, discusses the main technologies and characteristics of the system, and finally carries out the system. Through the construction of the virtual simulation platform of geological specimens, the advanced software and hardware technology can be used to realize the retrieval of geological specimens, attribute browsing, three-dimensional display and other functions, to provide students with a new learning method to improve their identification skills. Practical application shows that the system can effectively enrich the students' understanding of geological specimens and improve the students' ability of discrimination.