Consensus mechanism is the core of the cryptocurrency system which is based on the block chain technology. This paper analyzes and compares the three typical consensus mechanisms to provide references and suggestions for the design of consensus mechanism for block chain developers. The basic idea, operation process and advantages and disadvantages of the three mainstream consensus mechanisms, PoW, PoS and DPoS, are analyzed. Then the characteristics of each consensus mechanism are summarized from the aspects of fairness, running cost and sustainability. And then we analyze and compare them from the credit to the degree of decentralization, authorization and other aspects, consider the consensus needs under the different application scenarios. From the application scenario, two or more consensus mechanisms are used in combination to find a suitable balance point between the complete de-centralization and the centralization, which is more in line with the application requirements of the future consensus mechanism.