This paper establishes an urban traffic network model which is used with control methods, and is mathematical described by Structure matrix. The concept of order parameter is introduced to characterize the urban traffic congestion. Then this paper put forward a certain strategy of enhancing the transmission efficiency by edge deletion which is based on betweenness. This strategy is applied in the traffic network model which has been established. The simulation results show that, in the optimization of urban traffic, enhancing the transmission efficiency by edge deletion is an effective and low cost strategy. And a conclusion is drew that the corresponding relationship of edge deletion proportion and maximum betweenness is inversely proportional.