The structure of safety monitoring system for petroleum hazardous chemicals based on GIS, GPS, GPRS and wireless sensor network technology is presented in this paper, as well as the system's software architecture and function design. The system conducts real-time pipeline inspections on oil and gas pipelines by using wireless sensor network technology, GPS and GPRS technology. It accomplishes the query, comprehensive analysis and dynamic management on petroleum hazardous chemicals by using geographic information system, so as to provide scientific basis for the safety monitoring of petroleum hazardous chemicals. It has important practical significance for reducing the occurrence of accidents or loss of casualties.