For the energy balance scheduling of supply and demand in cigarette enterprise, the energy balance scheduling method and mathematical model of cigarette enterprise were studied. An optimization model for energy balance scheduling was established. In the model, the conditions of energy variety and time-interval supply are taken into account, and the object is to minimize unit final product comprehensive energy consumption and unit consumption of the final product cost. An improved genetic algorithm was designed to solve the model, which includes a subset real number encoding and divisional crossover operation. A case for steam balance scheduling of a cigarette factory shows that the model and algorithm can solve the energy balance scheduling of cigarette enterprise, and the comprehensive energy consumption is about 2% shorter than before.