The fire safety relates to the harmony and stability of universities and college students' lives and property security, while frequency of fire accident on campus is closely related with the fire safety awareness of students. Lotka-Volterra(LV) model is first introduced in this paper, according to the differences of fire safety awareness, awareness of students can be divided into the rational and hazardous on the interaction between the two groups. Secondly, through simulation and analysis of the model to find the balance point in accordance with the actual situation and the ideal target on campus and the results show that the equilibrium state is related with the competitive factors, then through the improvement of the parameters to optimize the model structure. Finally, pointing out that strengthening the construction of university fire safety culture, commencing fire safety drills and other measures timely could control and guide students rational fire safety awareness, inhibit and eliminate hazardous fire safety awareness of students, which can reduce and avoid the security risks and accidents effectively.