Automatic identification of microscopic cell image is studied in this paper. Firstly, considering the status of the complicated cellular components, the corresponding method is applied to image preprocessing, the contrast and resolution of the image is significantly improved. Then, the image segmentation, feature extraction and cell identification are emphatically studied, gaining a set of algorithms process to identify cell speedy and precisely. Finally, this method is tested by using four kinds of common cells samples, the results verify the effectiveness of the method.