According to the fact that BP neural network is easy to fall into local minimum and the slow convergence problems, the paper introduces QPSO and BP neural network combination method, which shares the advantage of BP neural network robust flexibility and the powerful global searching ability of QPSO, through improved the calculation method of average optimal position of QPSO to make the BP neural network and QPSO oilfield energy conservation index prediction success. Using the injection pump unit consumption data of Daqing Oilfield Company as training data, by training the new mehtod with the data of samples, the forecast results show that the proposed method can achieve good forecast effect and have feasibility.