Considering that the problem of the big volume of pesticide residues detection and poor sensitivity, and the slow detection speed, we design a type of intelligent system for pesticide residues rapid detection named “light conversion-chemiluminescence”. This paper mainly describes the realization on the structure of the system, function, software and hardware. The pesticide residue concentrations into light intensity, and then converted to voltage, via the microprocessor A/D conversion to realize the detection and display. Compared wit the GC and liquid chromatography detection technology common used, the system can detect common type and solubility of pesticide, and it’s a intelligent, clean and effective detection.