Research on distributed storage and computing technology of spatial vector data is carried out. The method of quadtree grid coding to establish feature index is studied. HBase pre-partition optimization strategy is designed, a distributed storage model of spatial vector data is proposed. Based on MapReduce computing framework, the process of spatial data distributed computing and analysis is built. For the common application scenario of spatial overlay analysis and statistics, a large-scale data test is carried out. The results show that the scheme is effective.