In response to the main challenges and problems facing the environmental monitoring of expressway service areas, this study proposes a method of constructing an environmental monitoring system based on the microservice architecture combined with Blockchain technology and develops an intelligent environmental monitoring and management system for expressways. Through the Internet of Things (IoT) middleware technology, the barriers for the transmission of environmental monitoring data from terminal sensors to cloud servers are broken. The overall system is divided into water quality, air, noise, and solid waste service units (can be deployed independently) in light of the divide-and-conquer method. The storage management and retrieval of massive structured data are realized using multiple data sources combined with time-stamp horizontal fragmentation. The reliable storage and verification of monitoring and alarm data are completed with the help of blockchain technology. Finally, the visual display is enabled by mobile Internet technology.