Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is characterized by intensive and random distribution. The WSN with large-scale node deployment makes it difficult or even impossible for practical application and research work. On the basis of the wireless sensor nodes simulation and the application layer process model, this study takes received signal strength indication ranging positioning technology to control node transmission distance, and has deployed a large number of nodes within a relatively small region based on OPNET. After the operation of the simulation model, the performance of network application layer has been analyzed, including the network transmission radius, the relationship between transmission radius and energy consumption, the network delay and throughput. The convergence and the rationality of the network topology structure has been verified. According to the multipath attenuation model, synthetically considering the balance between the data packet transmission distance and the energy consumption, the numerical relationship has been calculated between the node transmission radius and the maximum transmission radius, as well as between the node transmission radius and the minimum transmission radius.